Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, set to expire without reauthorization, represents one of the most expansive surveillance authorities in U.S. law. Originally enacted in 2008 as part of the Bush administration's post-9/11 security apparatus, Section 702 permits the NSA, FBI, and CIA to conduct warrantless surveillance of foreign targets communicating with people inside the United States. The statute requires no individualized warrant, no probable cause, and no judicial approval before intelligence agencies begin monitoring communications. The result: according to declassified reports, the government collects hundreds of millions of Americans' communications annually through incidental capture—a phenomenon known as "about" and "to/from" collection. Privacy advocates argue this represents a systematic violation of Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable search and seizure, yet the law has been reauthorized twice since inception with minimal restrictions.